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Gioacchino Murat
In 1808, Napoleon appointed Murat king of the Kingdom of Naples, which had been created after the Napoleonic Wars as a satellite state of the French Empire.
Gioacchino Murat was Napoleon Bonaparte's brother-in-law and King of Naples from 1808 to 1815. His adventurous and controversial life has been the subject of many popular stories and legends, as well as in-depth historical studies. Today, 13 October, marks the 199th anniversary of his death.
Born in 1767 in the Corsican town of Bastia, Murat enlisted in the French army at a very young age and took part in numerous military campaigns, earning a reputation as a skilled and courageous commander. In 1796, during the French invasion of Italy, Murat distinguished himself particularly at the Battle of Rivoli, earning the attention and esteem of Napoleon, who made him a general.
In 1808, Napoleon appointed Murat king of the Kingdom of Naples, which had been created after the Napoleonic Wars as a satellite state of the French Empire. Murat played an active role in modernising and administering his kingdom, undertaking important public works and improving conditions for peasants and workers.
During the period of Murat's reign, Naples was also an important cultural and artistic centre, with the opening of academies and theatres. However, Murat also maintained an authoritarian stance, suppressing popular uprisings and curbing civil liberties.
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